Hydraulic baffle, absorber, or deflector.



W. A. DOBLE.

HYDRAULIC BA'FFLRABSORBER, 0R DEFLEGTOR.

APPLIoATIoN FILED 00T.21, 1911.

1,088,21 5. 'Patented Feb. 24, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

LOLUMBM PLANOGRAPH CO.,WASHINGTON. D. c.

riTED sTATEs PATENT oEEioE.

WILLIAM A. DOBLE, OF SAN FRANCISCO', CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO PELTON WATER WHEEL COMPANY, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, A CORPORA- IION OF CALIFORNIA.

HYDRAULIC BAFFLE, ABSORBER, OR DEFLECTOR.

Specification of Letters Iatent.

Patented Feb. 24, 1914.

To all whom/15 may concern Be it known that I, WILLIAM A. DOBLE, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city and county of San Francisco and Stat-e of California, have invented certain new and useful Impro-vements in Hydraulic Baftles, Absorbers, or Deflectors, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to an improved device for arresting the velocity of water discharged under pressure and for dissipating the kinetic energy thereof. The device is particularly adapted to be used in connection with a jet of water discharging at high velocity from a nozzle.

The object of the invention is to provide a device for arresting the velocity of the water escaping under high pressure and to cause it to spend its energy harmlessly.

Another object of the invention is to provide a device for arresting the velocity of the water within a small area with comparatively slight spraying or splashing of the water.

This device possesses other advantageous features, which, with the foregoing will be set forth at length in the following description, where I shall outline in full that form of the invention which I have selected for illustration in the drawings accompanying and forming part of the present speciication. The novelty of the invention will be include-d in the claims succeeding said description. From this it will be apparent that I do not restrictmyself to the showing made by such drawings and descriptions as I may adopt many variations within the scope of my invention as expressed in said claims.

Referring to the drawings Figure 1 is a front view of the device of my invention. Fig. 2 is a cross section of the device showing the action of the water therein. Fig. 3 is a section of a needle nozzle showing the device of my invention attached thereto, the nozzle tip having an outwardly curved exterior face to deflect the water radially. Fig. I is a modification of the arrangement shown in Fig. 3, the radially deflecting plate being formed separately and arranged between the nozzle and the arrester.

In hydraulic power plants and other situations where water under great pressure is discharged for the purpose of generating power or for other purposes, it is often necessary on account of the water rights of persons owning land below the plant, or for other reasons to allow a certain minimum amount of water to be discharged at all times. It is .also desirable in hydraulic power plant operation to provide a relief nozzle or outlet so that the amount of water being directed onto the water wheel or into the turbine may be varied with variations in load, without varying the flow of water in the pipe line carrying the water to the plant. The kinetici-energy of the discharging jet is very great and its destructive effect by impingement on masonry o-r other structural parts is so .great as to render objectionable this method of arresting the velocity of the jet. It is undesirable also to allow the jet to discharge into the air to dissipate its energy, as the effect of such a discharge is to turn most of the water into a fine spray which causes great losses by evaporation, especially in a warm dry climate. To overcome these objectionable features and to dissipate the energy of the moving jet I employ the device illustrated in the drawings.

This deviceconsists of a circular bowlshaped' structure 2 having the bottom thereof formed in the shape of a cone, the axis of the cone lying'at the center of the bowl. The tip 3 of the cone is preferably formed separate and held in place by the bolt il, so that a new tip may be inserted when the one in use becomes worn. The side of the cone is formed on a curve which merges into the curve f .of the bowl, thereby presenting a smooth path to the water. The sides of the bowl are turned upward and inward, so that the water, after being spread or fanned out by the cone travels across the face of the bowl and is projected back upon the entering et. The return curve 5 extends preferably to a position tangent to a plane at right angles to th-e axis of the jet of water, at which point it is halted, thereby forming ,an opening 6 in the top of the bowl, through which the jet enters and the water is discharged. The sides of the bowl are strengthened by the ribs 7 formed on the outside thereof and extending to the base 8 which is generally provided with a flange 9 for bolting or otherwise securing the device in place.

The arrester is placed with the apex of the cone in line with the axis of the jet, so

that the water is equally distributed over the interior surface. T he bowl being formed inthe shape of a circle the water moves radially therein and after traveling across the surface of the bowl is projected radially toward the axis of the jet. Since the water is 'evenly distributed the radial forces are equal in all directions and the energy of the water is dissipated.

In Figs. 3 and 4 I have shown an arrangement by which the velocity of the water discharging from the arrester is further reduced. This is accomplished by the conical'shaped plater12 which diverts the water discharged by the arrester and causes it to be finally discharged in a direction normal to the axis of the jet. rIhe periphery of the annular space between the plate 12 and the arrester is large in comparison with the outlet areal of the arrester and therefore, the velocity of final discharge is inversely in proportion of the t-wo areas. The water discharging from the arrester impinges on the plate 12 and is deflected radially and finally discharged at a lower velocity, so that no disturbance occurs at the final discharge. The kinetic energy of the high velocity jet is dissipated. in the arrester, so that the water finally discharged poursout from between the arrester and the plate in a slow moving stream.

In Fig. 3 I have made the plate 12 integral witlrthe nozzle tip 13, and have attached the bowl directly to the plate by the bolts 14. The bolts are partly for the purpose of correctly spacing the bowl from the plate, but it is evident that they may be dispensed with and the nozzle and the bowl held rigid, with respect to each other by their respective supports.

In instances, where, on account of con` struction it is not possible to place the nozzle tip in close relation to the bowl, or for other reasons, the deflecting plate 12 may be formed separately and supported in its proper relation with the bowl by means of bolts and collars, or other suitable means. InFig. 4t, the deflecting plate is held supported between the nozzle and the bowl by three columns l5. In this construction I have formed the aperture inr deflecting plate 12 slightly larger than the diameter of t-he jet. The effect of this construction will be to cause air to be drawn through the aperture by the jet and thereby form an air cushion between the jet and the returning water 'within the arrester.

In operation the arresting device of my invention acts to divert the water radially from theaxis of the jet and to return the water toward the axis of the jet so that it impinges upon itself or upon the jet thereby dissipat-ing the kinetic energy thereof,

or converting the energy into other forms. lVhen the deflecting plate is used the water is again deflected radially away from the jet and is discharged.

I claim:

1. An arresting device for a jet of water comprising a cul de sac having an upwardly and inwardly curved wall and a cone shaped bottom, the curved wall terminating in an orifice larger than the jet.

2. An arresting device for a jet of water comprising a circular structure having an upwardly and inwardly curved wall and a cone shaped bottom, the curved wall terminating in a circle of larger diameter than the jet.

3. An arresting device for a jet of water comprising a circular structure having an upwardly and inwardly curved Wall terminating at a distance from the jet concentrically of the structure and a cone shaped bottom, the wall and cone being formed on a smooth curve.

4;. The combination with a nozzle of an arresting device attached thereto, said arresting device comprising a circular structure having an upwardly and inwardly curved wall and a cone shaped bottom, the apex of the cone lying in line with the axis of the nozzle tip.

5. An arresting device for a jet of water comprising means for diverting the water radially fro-m the axis of the jet, means for returning the water toward the axis of the jet and means for again diverting the Water from the axis of -the jet.

6. An arresting device for a jet of water comprising an inverted conical shaped plate having an aperture therein for the jet, and a circular structure having upwardly and inwardly curved walls and a cone shaped bottom.

7. An arresting device for a jet of water comprising means for diverting the water equally in all directions from the axis of the jet, means for returning the diverted water toward the axis of the jet and means for discharging the water radially in all directions from the jet.

S. An arresting device for a jet of water comprising an inverted cone shaped plate having an aperture larger than the diameter of the jet and means beyond said plate for diverting the water from the axis of the jet and means for returning it toward the axis of the jet.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at San Francisco, Cal., this 13th day of October, 1911.

H. G. Pnos'r, L. L. Dninssnv.-

Gopies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patente Washington, D. C. 

